The aim of this article was to examine three advanced textbooks in Iran Language Institute (ILI) in an attempt to establish if they differ in the extent to which they represent dimension of big ‘C’ culture and little ‘c’ culture, their stance in distribution of references of cultural category, and also what themes predominate. The analysis identifies just the cultural elements, and culture–free...

in teaching a foreign language (fl), some cultural specificities (defined under the rubric of ‘little-c culture’) may totally conflict with the cultural norms of the learners’ first language (l1). to prevent such imminent problems, this paper recommended that the fl syllabus be designed in a way so as to equip learners with an intimate knowledge of the target language culture, and that language...

The acquisition of myoblast commitment to the myogenic linage requires rises in intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i). Putative cell membrane pathways involved in these [Ca(2+)]i increments are P2 receptors (P2Rs) as well as connexin (Cx) and/or pannexin (Panx) hemichannels and channels (Cx HChs and Panx Chs), respectively, which are known to permeate Ca(2+). Reserve cells (RCs) a...

In teaching a foreign language (FL), some cultural specificities (defined under the rubric of ‘little-c culture’) may totally conflict with the cultural norms of the learners’ first language (L1). To prevent such imminent problems, this paper recommended that the FL syllabus be designed in a way so as to equip learners with an intimate knowledge of the target language culture, and that la...

Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-000 Crato-CE, Brazil Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-760 Fortaleza-CE, Brazil Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Bauru-SP, Brazil Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 355, 14801-970 Araraquara-SP, Brazil Laboratório de Química do Estado Sólido, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estad...